: : Pre- and perinatal pathology : :
1 The autopsy of the stillborn found decreased volume of the cranium, the thickening of the skull bones, weight and volume reduction of the brain. What kind of birth defect of the brain is it:
{
~ Anencephalia
= Microcephalia
~ Porencephalia
~ Hydrocephalus
~ Meningocele
}

2 The autopsy of the brain of the stillborn found cysts of various sizes, communicating with the lateral ventricles of the brain. What kind of birth defects should be suspected:
{
= Porencephalia
~ Microcephalia
~ Hydrocephalus
~ Meningoencephalocele
~ Encephalocolpocystocele
}

3 The autopsy of a heart of the stillborn found ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy of the heart wall. What kind of a combined congenital heart disease should we think about:
{
= Trilogy of Fallot
~ Fallot's tetralogy
~ Pentada Fallot's
~ Atrial septal defect
~ Stenosis of pulmonary artery
}

4 On gross examination of the liver of the  stillborn there were found  multiple cysts of various sizes, filled with a clear liquid. What kind of congenital liver malformation should we think about:
{
= Polycystic liver disease
~ Agenesia of  intrahepatic bile ducts
~ Hypoplasy of  intrahepatic bile ducts
~ Hyperplasia of  intrahepatic bile ducts
~ Stenosis of  intrahepatic bile ducts
}

5 The autopsy of the stillborn found only one kidney. What kind of congenital kidney  malformation does this case include:
{
= Agenesia
~ Hypoplasy 
~ Dysplasia
~ Cake kidney
~ Largecystic kidneys
}

6 During macroscopic examination of the kidneys of the stillborn there was found  significant increase in the cortical layer of the large number of large cysts with transparent content. The liver and pancreatic cysts are also detected. What kind of congenital kidney  malformation should we think about:
{
~ Smallcystic kidneys
~ Renal dysplasia
~ Renal hypoplasia
= Largecystic kidneys
~ Cake kidney
}

7 In the cavity of the parietal bones of the skull of the newborn under the periosteum there is limited hemorrhage. Diagnose the process:
{
= External blood tumor of head
~ Generic swelling of the fetal head
~ Epidural hemorrhage
~ Phlegmon of the soft tissues of the head
~ Subdural hemorrhage
}

8 In the thikness of the parietal lobe of the left brain of the dead newborn there was found section of grayish dirty color, of pasty consistency 1x2 cm with blurred boundaries. What pathological process has developed:
{=~ Ischemic infarction
~ Hemorrhagic infarction
~ Hemorrhage in the brain tissue
~ Cephalohematoma
~ Epidural hematoma
}

9 The autopsy of the brain of the dead newborn found blood in the cavity of the lateral ventricles. What was the cause of death:
{
= Intraventricular hemorrhage
~ Epidural hemorrhage
~ Subdural hemorrhage
~ Subependymal hemorrhage
~ Leptomeningeal hemorrhage
}

10 During gross examination of the dead newborn there was found hemorrhage in the tissue of the lungs, pleura, subcapsular hematoma of the liver, adrenal glands, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract. What kind of disease should we think about:
{
= Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn
~ Hemolytic disease of newborn
~ Melena vera
~ Pulmonary infarction
~ Kidney hematoma
}

: : Diseases of fundamental substance of the tooth, the pulpa and periapical tissues : :

1 During microscopic examination of an extracted tooth  there was observed replacement of its bigger part with the connective tissue with a large number of collagen fibers and focal infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, and plasma cells. What kind of disease is it: 
{
~ Serous pulpitis
~ Polypus of the pulpa
~ Gangrenous pulpitis
~ Granulated pulpitis
= Fibrous pulpitis
}

2 During examination of an extracted tooth  there was observed: macroscopically the pulpa looks like gray-black structureless mass with putrid odor and microscopically - structureless necrotic mass which contains crystals of fatty acids and a lot of microorganisms. What kind of complication of acute pulpitis has developed:
{
~ Phlegmon of the pulpa
~ Polypus of the pulpa
= Gangrene of the pulpa
~ Chronic pulpitis
~ Granulomatosis of the pulpa
}

3 Male aged 48 consulted a duty dentist complaining of a sharp throbbing pain in the bottom of the 7th tooth on the right. On examination, the dentist found a deep cavity in the root zone of the tooth crown, the striking enamel and dentin of the tooth. After the therapeutic interventions carried out and opening of the pulp cavity appeared purulent discharge, came relief. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Caries, stain stage
~ Superficial caries
~ Median caries
= Acute pulpitis
~ Dental tartar 
}

4 Young man aged  25 consulted a dentist complaining of change of the colour the first large molar on the right side of the lower jaw. During examination the dentist found on the background of healthy shinytooth enamel opaque white spot resembling chalk. Your diagnosis:
{
= Caries, stain stage
~ Superficial caries
~ Median caries
~ Deep dental caries
~ Fluorosis
}

5 During examination of the mouth of the child aged 7 in the neck of the first upper molar on the right there was revealed pigmented spot with a small enamel defects. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Caries, stain stage
= Superficial caries
~ Median caries
~ Deep dental caries
~ Cemental caries
}

6 Young man aged 24, living in an area where the fluoride content in the water is more than 2 mg /l, when examined by a dentist there was found: on the labial and lingual surfaces of the teeth  there are some mild porcelaneous and chalky spots and stripes, covering not more than 1/3 of their surface. What disease does  the patient have:
{
~ Acid necrosis
= First degree fluorosis
~ Second degree fluorosis
~ Third degree fluorosis
~ Fourth degree fluorosis
}

7 During examination of an extracted tooth  macroscopically  there was observed carious cavity in the form of large cavern. Between the bottom of the carious cavity and pulp cavity there retained only a thin layer of dentin. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Superficial caries 
~ Median caries 
= Deep dental caries
~ Caries, stain stage
~ Cemental caries
}

8 Patient's tooth cavity filled with granulation tissue which also fills a cavity in communication with it. What disease does  the patient have:
{
= Hypertrophic pulpitis
~ Serous pulpitis
~ Fibrous pulpitis
~ Gangrenous pulpitis
~ Fluorosis
}

9 During examination of an extracted tooth  macroscopically  there was observed carious cavity in the form of cone, its base is directed to the surface. Microscopically in the wall of the bottom of the carious cavity is divided into three zones: the softened dentin, transparent dentin and replacing dentine. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Superficial caries 
~ Caries, stain stage
~ Deep dental caries
= Median caries
~ Cemental caries
}

10 On examination by the dentist of  mouth cavity of a child aged 4 there was found in the area of the neck of the first upper molar on the left carious lesions covering it circularly. Specify the type of tooth decay:
{
~ Retrograde caries 
~ Stationary caries 
~ Lateral caries 
~ Early, under enamel-dentin caries 
= Circular caries 
}

: : Gingival and periodontal diseases : :

1 Gingival mucosa is hyperemic, edematous. This pattern developed after the burn. In 10 days it was recovered. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Acute stomatitis
~ Local periodontitis
= Catarrhal gingivitis
~ Chronic gingivitis
~ Ulcerative gingivitis
}

2 In the dental neck in  gingival pocket on the teeth there are visible foreign masses in the form of dense limestone formations of brown color. Gingival inflammation. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Superficial caries 
~  Deep dental caries
~ Cervical caries
= Dental tartar 
~ Wedge-shaped defect
}
3 Against the background of chronic gingivitis the patient with diabetes has consistently formed plaque and tartar. Then there formed tooth and tartat channel with depth of more than 5 mm, periodontal gap is widened. Your diagnosis:
{
=Generalized  periodontitis
~ Local periodontitis
~ Paradontoma/benign tumor / lump situated on the gingival or alveolar mucosa
~ Fibromatosis
~ Epulis
}

4 X-ray examination of jaws has  found that resorption of bone tissues holes does not exceed ј of the tooth root. Your diagnosis:
{
~ IV stage of resorption
~ III stage of resorption
~ II stage of resorption
= I stage of resorption
~ Norm
}

5 On the gum of the pointed tooth there is a tumor of 1 cm in diameter, of round shape on a broad base, of brown color. At histological examination there is determined  connective tissue with a large number of capillaries. Your diagnosis:
{
= Angiomatous epulis
~ Angiomatous epulis
~ Giant cell epulis
~ Reparative granuloma
~ Gingival fibromatosis
}

6 In the study of tumor formation there was found gingival connective tissue, which resembles a solid fiber. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Angiomatous epulis
= Angiomatous epulis
~ Giant cell epulis
~ Reparative granuloma
~ Gingival fibromatosis
}

7 For the reason of microvascular thrombosis there occured an area with necrosis of bone tissue, which is torn from the bone. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Gangrene
= Necrotic caries
~ Albuminous periostitis
~ Purulent periostitis
~ Sepsis
}

8 Against the background of established periodontal purulent there occurred complication. The infection spread into the periosteum through the canals of osteon (Haversian) and nourishing (Volkmann canal). Dense tissue periosteum prevents the spread of purulent process, resulting in an abscess with subperiosteal detachment of the periosteum. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Central osteitis
~ Chronic fibrotic periostitis 
= Purulent periostitis
~ Albuminous periostitis
~ Suppurative periostitis
}

9 On examination of the oral cavity in the vestibular surface of the lower incisors to the left there was revealed the formation of mushroom-shaped pink color up to 2 cm wide which is fixed with the help of large foot to the extra-alveolar tissue. Histological examination revealed branched capillary type vessels with vascular nephros, sites of hemorrhage and hemosiderosis foci. What is the most probable diagnosis:
{
~ Fibrous epulis
= Giant cell epulis
~ Angiomatous epulis
~ Gingival fibromatosis
~ Cavernous haemangioma
}

10 At the root of the tooth IV of the upper jaw there is a cyst with diameter of 3 cm. the inner surface of which is lined with its stratified squamous epithelium without keratinization. The wall is infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasmocytes. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Nonodontogenic cyst
~ Follicular cyst
~ Primordial cyst
= Radicular cyst 
~ Keratocyst
}

: : Diseases of  jaws, salivary glands, lips, tongue, soft tissues of the oral cavity : :

1 On examination of the oral cavity of elderly patient there was found atrophy of the soft tissues of the gums in the areas of surgical extraction of tooth roots. What kind of atrophy does occur in the gums:
{
= Dysfunctional atrophy
~ Dyscirculatory atrophy
~ Atrophy  neurotica
~ Compression atrophy
~ Physical factor atrophy
}

2 A man aged 52 years has in the center of the lower lip  erosion on brightly hyperemic background with bloody crusts. Microscopic examination of the biopsy determined epithelial defect, on the edges of the erosion the epithelium is in the state of acanthosis, thorny layer cells in varying degrees of diskomplexation and atypia. The stroma has a diffuse infiltrate of lymphocytes, plasma cells, histiocytes. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Baelz disease
= Cheilitis Manganotti
~ Contact cheilitis
~ Actinic chilitis
~ Labial cancer
}

3 A young girl aged 18  consulted a doctor complaining of constant peeling in red border of the lips. At external examination there was revealed the presence of thin flat scales on a red border, and the border and the mucosa. Transparent flakes like mica platelets, tightly attached to the center and are behind the periphery. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Actinic chilitis
~ Baelz disease
= Exfoliative chilitis
~ Meteorological cheilitis
~ Labial fissure
}

4 Woman aged 42  consulted a doctor complaining of a burning sensation in the tongue, periodic loss of sensation. On examination there was found increase and thickening of the mushroom-shaped papillae, areas of desquamation of various shapes and sizes in the form of "nests" of reddish color. Around the focal lesion there was found mild keratosis. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Median rhomboid glossitis
~ Neurogenic glossopathy
~ Crocodile tongue
= Erythema migrans lingualis
~ Glossotrichia
}

5 On examination of the oral cavity of a man aged 66 there was found  chestnut brown color of the back and middle back of the tongue. Threadlike papillae  are thickened, extended, signs of keratinization. To the top they are darker than at the base. Altered stained threadlike papillae resemble hair:
{
~ Median rhomboid glossitis
~ Neurogenic glossopathy
~ Crocodile tongue
~ Erythema migrans lingualis
= Glossotrichia
}

6 A man aged 77 consulted a doctor complaining of the affect of the red border of the lower lip. On examination there was revealed clearly delimited hearth with diameter of 10 mm, which departs from the ledge in the form of cone of 8 mm high, muddy brown of color. During histological examination there was found expressed hyperkeratosis. Horny mass in the form of cone raised above the surface of the epithelium. In the epithelium under the horny masses there observed acanthosis. In the underlying connective tissue there is marked diffuse infiltration of lymphoid and plasma cells. Your diagnosis:
{
= Cutaneous horn
~ Stomatitis
~ Exfoliative chilitis
~ Leukokeratosis
~ Chronic labial fissure
}

7 On examination of the mouth cavity of a pregnant woman there was observed a coated tongue. On the inner surface of the cheeks there located sores of grayish-pink color, of various shapes and sizes. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Leukokeratosis
= Stomatitis
~ Exfoliative chilitis
~ Meteorological cheilitis
~ Chronic labial fissure
}

8 On examination of the mouth cavity of a man aged 46 in the mucosa of the tongue there are found  whitish spots of varying shapes and sizes, not protruding above the surface of the mucosa. On histologic examination there was noticed thickening of the stratified epithelium through the expansion of the basal and granular layers,  parakeratosis, acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. Acanthotic bands of the epithelium are deep into the dermis. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Meteorological cheilitis
~ Stomatitis
~ Exfoliative chilitis
= Leukokeratosis
~ Chronic labial fissure
}

9 A man aged 25 complained of pain in the right lower jaw, swelling, high body temperature, chills and fever. On examination macroscopically there is observed the detachment of the periosteum with the accumulation of inflammatory exudate between it and the bone, with perifocal edema of soft tissues and periosteum partially molten. What kind of disease  has developed:
{
~ Gangrenous pulpitis
= Purulent periostitis
~ Local periodontitis
~ Catarrhal gingivitis
~ Granulating periodontitis
}

10 The patient aged 37 has xerostomia (dryness of the oral mucosa) and xerophthalmia (dryness of the conjunctiva and cornea). Histological examination of the tissue in the salivary glands - a chronic sialadenitis with the destruction of the glands and severe limfomacrophage infiltrate. Your diagnosis:
{
~ Parotitis
~ Glandular fever
~ Hypovitaminosis А
= Sjogren's syndrome
~ Sialolithiasis
}

: : Infectious and parasitic diseases. Characteristics of an infectious process. Intestinal infectious diseases : :

1 When typhoid necrotic Peyer's patches of the small intestine are painted in yellow-brown color. What is the pigment that impregnates necrotizing tissue:
{
~ Lipofuscin
~ Hemoglobin
= Bilirubin
~ Indole
~ Melanin
}

2 In the dead at the age of 67  at autopsy there were found signs of fibrinous inflammation in the colon. Your presumptive diagnosis:
{
~ Balantidial dysentery
= Dysentery
~ Typhoid fever
~ Amebiasis
~ Cholera
}

3 The mucous membrane of the colon of the dead of dysentery at the opening of a full-blooded, covered with a film of gray coming off with an effort. What type of inflammation has in the intestine of the patient developed:
{
= Diphtheritic inflammation
~ Hemorrhagic inflammation
~ Catarrhal inflammation
~ Serous inflammation
~ Croupous inflammation
}

4 The death of the patient K., aged 16, was due to diffuse (widespread) fibrinopurulent peritonitis. At autopsy, in the lower portion of the small intestine, an ulcer is found, which repeats the form of Peyer's patch, with perforation of the intestinal wall. Microscopic examination revealed blurring of the pattern of lymphoid tissue, ousting its proliferating monocytes forming granulomas. The complication of which  disease was the cause of death:
{
~ Brucellosis
~ Chronic ulcerative colitis
~ Dysentery
~ Cholera
= Typhoid fever
}

5 At autopsy of man who suffered from typhoid fever, the changes were found in the small intestine: group lymphoid follicles increased, protrude above the surface of the mucous membrane, gray-red, pulpy, the surface has the form of gyri and sulci. Microscopic examination indicated the formation of granulomas typhoid. Indicate which of the following stages of typhoid fever is the most probable:
{
~ Necrosis
~ Clean ulcers
~ Healing
= Medullary swelling
~ Ulceration
}

6 For histological studies there has been delivered extirpated during surgery uterus. Under the mucosa there were found multiple nodes of rounded shape, clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissue. Microscopically, the tumor is composed of bundles of smooth muscle with symptoms of tissue atypism. Your diagnosis:
{
= Leiomyoma
~ Fibromyoma
~ Leiomyosarcoma
~ Chorionic carcinoma
~ Uterine cancer
}

7 During the autopsy, the patient died from widespread peritonitis, in the distal small intestine there were revealed multiple ulcers of oval form along the intestine. The bottom of the ulcer is clean, smooth, formed by muscular or serous membrane irritation, ulcers edges are smooth, rounded. In two ulcers threre are perforated holes with a diameter up to 0.5 cm. What disease should be suspected:
{
= Typhoid fever
~ Cholera
~ Spotted fever
~ Tuberculosis
~ Dysentery
}

8 The autopsy of the deceased L., aged 62, showed signs of hypovolemic shock. Skin turgor is damaged, evident symptoms of "washerperson's effect", "pugilistic attitude." In the lumen of the intestine is small quantitative liquid like "congee". What disease has led to the death of the patient:
{
~ Typhoid fever
= Cholera
~ Spotted fever
~ Tuberculosis
~ Dysentery
}

9 At autopsy of a male aged  50 in the terminal portion of small intestine several ulcers were found of sizes ranging from 4 to 6 cm in diameter. The edges of ulcers moderate rise above the surface of mucosal ulceration wall covered with grayish-yellowish crumbling masses. Which of the complications of typhoid fever are the most common in this stage of the disease:
{
~ Peritonitis
~ Paraproctitis
~ Intestinal bleeding
= Ulcer perforation
~ Ulcer penetration 
}

10 At autopsy the patient P, who died of peritonitis, there was revealed perforation of the gut wall in the transition region of the small intestine into the large. Which infectious disease was the cause of peritonitis:
{
= Typhoid fever
~ Cholera
~ Spotted fever
~ Tuberculosis
~ Dysentery
}

: : Viral respiratory infections. Rabies. Rickettsial diseases. Prion infections : :

1 A man aged 78 died of  cachexia. The last 2 years of his life he suffered from progressive dementia. At autopsy macroscopically there was observed a slight decrease in the mass of brain convolutions and moderate atrophy. Microscopically in all parts of the cerebral cortex of the brain, in the subcortical nuclei, cerebellar cortex and thalamus there were detected optically empty vacuoles of oval form (spongiosis) and loss (dropout) of neurons III - VI layer, combined with the proliferation of astroglia. Also, there were eosinophilic structures rounded, with a positive reaction stains for amyloid. This microscopic pattern is typical for:
{
= Prionic encephalopathy
~ Viral encephalitis
~ Alcohol intoxication
~ Uremic encephalopathy
~ Hepatic encephalopathy
}

2 The patient aged 23  died of symptoms of cerebral edema. Microscopically in brain tissue there is revealed congestion, edema, perivascular infiltrate consisting of lymphocytes, plasma cells and macrophages, lysis of neurons, astrocytes and microglial hyperplasia cells, forming small nodules.This microscopic pattern is typical for:
{
~ Prionic encephalopathy
= Viral encephalitis
~ Alcohol intoxication
~ Parasitic infections
~ Uremic encephalopathy
}

3 During thanatopsy of a patient who had died of spotted fever, there was found that the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall and inner thighs are thick, brittle of whitish-yellow color on the surface are stearic- (paraffin-) like. These described changes in muscles are  manifestation of:
{
~ Apoptosis
~ Fibrinoid necrosis
= Zenker degeneration
~ Colliquative necrosis
~ Caseation necrosis
}

4 The patient aged 34  was admitted to hospital complaining of chills, fever up to 40 degrees, headache, and weakness. By the end of the 5 th day on the skin appeared millet typhoid maculopapular rash (exanthema), collapse developed. Diagnosed with spotted fever. What morphological changes are the signs of exanthema:
{
= Destructive-proliferative endotrombovasculitis
~ Venous engorgement
~ Active hyperemia
~ Periarteritis
~ Segmental fibrinoid degeneration of arteriolas
}

5 Male aged 67 during the flu epidemic was admitted to hospital complaining of chills, fever up to 39.0 `C, headache, cough, dyspnea. In the lungs crackles were determined. After 2 days, despite intensive therapy, death occurred of cardiopulmonary diseases. What type of inflammation of the trachea and bronchi, confirming the diagnosis of influenza, was found at autopsy:
{
~ Catarrhal tracheobronchitis
= Serous-desquamative tracheobronchitis
~ Diphtheritic tracheobronchitis
~ Fibrinous-hemorrhagic tracheobronchitis
~ Phlegmonous tracheobronchitis
}

6 The patient aged 43 died on the 5th day of illness during the flu epidemic. The mucous membranes of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract are imbibitioned with hemorrhagic exudate and dotted with often punctate hemorrhages . In the larynx and trachea there is observed fibrinous-hemorrhagic inflammation with extensive necrosis in the mucosa, fibrinous-hemorrhagic panbronhit. The massive pulmonary hemorrhage, and small foci of hemorrhagic pneumonia. In brain tissue there are revealed hyperemia, edema, and hemorrhagic impregnation and punctulated hemorrhage. In tanatogenesis  a leading role had:
{
= Toxemia of influenza 
~ Cardiovascular complications
~ Encephalopathy
~ Pneumonia
~ Necrotic-infectious complications
}

7 The patient aged 27 died of symptoms of severe intoxication and respiratory failure. In the context of lung tissue in all parts mottled with multiple small focal hemorrhages and foci of emphysema. Histological examination: pulmonary hemorrhagic pneumonia with abscess formation in the cytoplasm of bronchial epithelium there are eosinophilic and basophilic inclusion. Diagnose the disease detected in the section:
{
~ Parainfluenza
~ Respiratory syncytial infection
~ Adenovirus infection
= Influenza
~ Staphylococcal bronchial pneumonia
}

8 The boy aged 6  has a sharp pain during swallowing, edema of the neck, body temperature rose to 39.0 `C. On the tonsils appeared grayish-yellow cuticles that were taken off with great difficulty. Evident signs of intoxication. Which of the following diseases is mentioned above:
{
~ Scarlet fever
~ Measles
= Diphteria
~ Meningococcal nasopharyngitis
~ Influenza
}

9 When hospitalization during the influenza epidemic 58 years old patient complained of chills, fever up to 38.5 degrees for 10 days, shortness of breath, cough. The phenomena of respiratory failure progressed, in 7 days the patient died of cardiorespiratory failure. Diagnose the disease detected in the section:
{
= Severe influenza with pulmonary complications
~ Influenza with bacterial and septic complications
~  Influenza with hemorrhagic brain edema
~ Influenza with a predominance of toxicity
~ Ьoderately severe шnfluenza
}

10 A child aged 5  delivered to the receiving department of the hospital in a state of asphyxia. The white-yellow throat occlusive gaps and  easily separated plicas. Tracheotomy was carried out. What type of inflammation developed in the larynx:
{
= Catarrhal
~ Diphtheritic
~ Diphtheroid
~ Croupous
~ Mixed
}

: : Systemic connective tissue diseases with autoimmunization : :

1 During the autopsy of the dead there were found morphological manifestations: stenosis of the left atrioventricular opening, mitral insufficiency. Histologically in myocardium –  focal cardiosclerosis, presence of flowering Aschoff's bodies. Which of the following diagnoses is the most probable:
{
~ Dermatomyositis
~ Hidebound disease
= Rheumatism
~ Periarteritis nodosa
~ Systemic lupus erythematosus.
}

2 At autopsy of the patient of 25 years old, who died of uremia: kidneys were increased, mottled, with foci of hemorrhage. Histopathological there are identified hematoxylin bodies, glomerular capillary membrane in the form of wire loops, hyaline thrombi and fibrinoid necrosis foci in the spleen vessels - onion skin.  What’s the most probable diagnosis:
{
~ Diffuse scleroderma
~ Rheumatic arthritis
~ Periarteritis nodosa
= Systemic lupus erythematosus
~ Rheumatoid arthritis 
}

3 The patient aged 50  over the years has got rheumatic heart disease. When recrudescence of the disease there has developed hemiplegia and death happened. Histologically in the mitral valve there was found evident sclerosis, focal cellular infiltration, fibrinoid overlay. What forms of endocarditis are characterized by those changes found:
{
~ Diffusive
~ Acute-warty endocarditis
= Back-warty endocarditis
~ Fibro-plastic
~ Polypoulcerosa
}

4 The autopsy of the deceased young man who died  in a coma found widespread thromboembolic infarction of the left hemisphere of the brain, as well as a large septic spleen, immune complex glomerulonephritis, ulcers in aortic valve leaflets, polypus-like thrombus covered with colonies of staphylococci. What disease resulted in a cerebral thrombembolia:
{
~ Rheumatic thrombotic endocarditis
= Septic bacterial endocarditis
~ Acute rheumatic valvulitis
~ Septicaemia
~ Septicopyemia
}

5 The autopsy of the woman aged 40 who suffered from rheumatoid arthritis found an enlarged spleen. At section its fabric is brown-red color with enlarged follicles that looked like  translucent grayish-white grains. Indicate which of the following pathological processes is the most probable:
{
~ Splenic hyalinosis 
~ Porphyritic spleen
~ Sugar-coated spleen
~ Lardaceous spleen
= Sago spleen
}

6 A woman aged 54 had a significant deformation of the joints of the fingers and feet. Histologically: periarticular connective tissue - mucoid swelling, fibrinoid necrosis areas, accumulation of macrophages, areas of sclerosis; in the synovium - edematous villi, with signs of mucoid and fibrinoid swelling in the synovial cavity tere were found single "rice bodies." Diagnose the disease:
{
~  Rheumatism
~ Hematogenic tuberculosis
~ Arthragra
= Rheumatoid arthritis
~ Marie-Striinipell disease
}

7 During the autopsy of the dead there were found morphological manifestations: stenosis of the left atrioventricular opening, mitral insufficiency. Histologically in myocardium –  focal cardiosclerosis, presence of flowering Aschoff's bodies. Which of the following diagnoses is the most probable:
{
= Rheumatism
~ Dermatomyositis
~ Systemic lupus erythematosus
~ Periarteritis nodosa
~ Hidebound disease
}

8 At autopsy of the patient of 40 years old, who died of uremia: kidneys were increased, mottled, Kidney - thickening of the glomerular capillary membrane in the form of "wire loops" foci of fibrinoid necrosis of their walls and "hyaline" thrombs in the lumen, in the  nucleus - "hematoxylin bodies"; in the heart – Libman-Sacks endocarditis. What kidney damage is most probable:
{
~ Scleroid kidney
~ Final glomerulonephritis
~ Rheumatic glomerulonephritis
~ Choleric glomerulonephritis
= Lupus nephritis
}

9 A child of 7 years old had on the skin of extensor surfaces of elbows and knees  dense, painless nodules of 1-2 mm in size. In the biopsy of nodules there is a large hearth of fibrinoid necrosis of connective tissue with lymphocytes and macrophages at the periphery. What disease is characterized by such nodules:
{
~ Systemic lupus erythematosus.
= Rheumatism
~ Hidebound disease
~ Rheumatoid arthritis
~ Periarteritis nodosa
}

10 During microscopic examination of the myocardium of a girl who died of diphtheria as a result of heart failure there were found: fatty degeneration, and multiple foci of necrosis of cardiomyocytes, minor focal cellular infiltrates in the interstitial tissue. What kind of myocarditis is it:
{
= Interstitial myocarditis
~ Granulomatous myocarditis
~ Diffusive exudative myocarditis
~ Focal exudative myocarditis
~ Alterative myocarditis
}